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Bastard swords are among the most popular swords and most liked by collectors and enthusiasts. For years these swords have been among the most talked about and many think that they are the swords with the highest advantage in duels. In this article we will explore the history, design, and use of bastard swords, shedding light on why they are so popular.
| Origin | Europe |
| Period | Late Middle Ages (14th to 15th centuries) |
| Length | Blade (30 to 45 inch) Total (40 to 60 inch) |
| Weight | 1.3 to 1.8 kilograms |
| Usage | Cutting and thrusting |
What is a Bastard Sword?
Bastard swords can be either single or double-edged, equipped with a straight blade. The design includes a cross guard and a pommel, with a handle that’s crafted to fit both hands snugly, leaving no space from the pommel to the crossguard. This makes it perfectly balanced for handling with one or two hands.
Why is called a bastard sword?
Originally termed épée batarde in French, this name was used for swords that didn’t quite fit the usual categories. Not just a one-handed sword and not quite a two-hander either.
So, calling it ‘bastard’—a word that often means something irregular or of unclear origin—actually makes a lot of sense. While the sword itself implies a mixed or hybrid style, remember that not every sword with a hand and a half grip is classified like that.
Origin of Bastard Swords
Bastard swords originated in late medieval Europe, around the 14th and 15th centuries. They emerged to meet the evolving demands of combat, offering a balance between one-handed arming swords and two-handed greatswords.
Their versatility made them popular among knights and soldiers for various combat scenarios.
Anatomy of a Bastards
The length typically ranges from 30 to 45 inches for the blade alone, providing a substantial reach that suits both offensive and defensive tactics. Including the hilt, it add another 10 to 15 inches.
Regarding about its weight, it generally falls between 1.3 to 1.8 kilograms. This weight can vary slightly based on the materials and specific design features of the sword.
Blade characteristics
Bastard sword is basically the transition between the long sword and the one-handed sword, this style blade was likely a compromise between making a blade that was better for cutting and thrusting and one that could still be easily wielded with one hand.
- Double-edged and straight with a with a tapered profile.
- Often includes a fuller (groove).
- The sword’s tip may be sharply acute.
- Some blades may incorporate an unsharpened section near the hilt.
Hilt and Grip
The grip of the sword is super important because it’s where you hold onto it. It’s right between the crossguard and the pommel. It can be made from lots of different stuff, like tough leather or smooth wood.
People make grips in all sorts of shapes to fit your hand just right. Some are simple and round, while others have curves and bumps that make them feel better to hold.
Another thing to think about is how the grip feels. When your hands get sweaty in a fight, you don’t want the sword slipping around. So, lots of grips have little bumps or lines to help you hold onto it better.
But most importantly, the grip has to work well. It’s got to give you confidence when you’re using the sword, so you can swing it accurately and with power. That’s why sword makers put so much thought and skill into making the grip just right. It’s not just a handle – it’s the heart of the sword, showing off the talent of the person who made it.
- Variety in design – Unlike some sword types with more standardized guards, bastard swords exhibit a wider range of crossguard designs.
- Function over Form – The primary purpose of the crossguard is to protect the wielder’s hand from oncoming blades. This translates to a sturdy construction, often made of steel.
- Shapes and Sizes – Crossguards can be simple quillons (straight bars) or more elaborate designs with curves, branches, or additional elements. The size can vary as well, with some offering more or less hand protection.
- Ricasso interaction – In some cases, the ricasso (unsharpened section near the hilt) can blend seamlessly with the crossguard for a smoother transition.
Opposite the blade, the pommel sits like a crown, adding balance and stability to the sword. More than just a counterweight, the pommel is a weapon in its own right, capable of delivering devastating blows in close-quarters combat.
Material used
Historically, high-carbon steel was the primary material used for making bastard swords. This type of steel provided an excellent balance of strength, flexibility, and durability, essential for withstanding the rigors of combat. The hilts were typically crafted from steel or iron for the crossguard and pommel .
In modern times, the materials used for bastard swords vary depending on their intended purpose.
- HEMA (Historical European Martial Arts) and Practice Swords: These swords are often made from high-quality spring steel, which offers flexibility and resilience during sparring and training.
- Practical Swords: Modern practical swords, intended for use in cutting practice or stage combat, are usually made from tempered high-carbon steel.
- Decorative Swords: Decorative bastard swords can be made from various materials, including stainless steel, which resists rust and corrosion but is not suitable for actual combat.
Types and Variations
These type of swords come in a variety of types and variations, each with its own unique characteristics and historical significance. When it comes to types, they are typically classified based on their blade length and width. Some may have longer blades, while others may be shorter and broader.
For example, European styles may differ from those found in other parts of the world, showcasing distinct designs and features that reflect the preferences of their creators. Across different regions, bastard swords exhibit a wide range of styles that reflect local preferences and historical periods.
The Oakeshott typology is a modern classification system for medieval swords, created by historian Ewart Oakeshott. Within this system, several types of bastard swords can be identified, each with unique characteristics.
In Scotland also several versions were used, often featuring distinctive design elements. One notable example is the Claymore with Clamshell Guard. This Scottish variant is notable for its similar size and details to a bastard sword.
Usage in combat
In medieval Europe, these swords were wielded by knights and soldiers alike, offering a balance of power, speed, and maneuverability that made them invaluable in combat. During the Middle Ages, played a pivotal role in shaping the outcome of battles across Europe.
Wielded by skilled warriors on horseback and on foot, these weapons were used to deliver devastating blows with two hands or quickly inflict slashes in close-quarter combat with one.
On the battlefield, were also used in formation-based warfare, where units of soldiers fought together as a cohesive unit. They were not only effective weapons of offense but also served a crucial role in defense.
Influence in fantasy
In fantasy literature and media, these swords are often depicted as the ultimate versatile weapon, wielded by heroes and warriors for its adaptability in combat. Let’ see some famous ones.
Longclaw
Longclaw, wielded by Jon Snow, the bastard of the Stark family, is a prime example of a fantasy bastard sword. This weapon captures the essence of the versatile and formidable hand-and-a-half swords used in medieval times.
Longclaw is a good example of a fantasy sword inspired by historical ones, blending the practicality of medieval design with the rich lore of the Game of Thrones universe.
Lord of The Rings Anduril Aragorn’s Sword
Andúril, wielded by Aragorn in The Lord of the Rings, is another example of a fantasy bastard swords. This weapon captures the essence of the versatile and formidable hand-and-a-half swords used in medieval times normaly with some modern and fantastic touch into it.
The Bastard Sword Elden Ring
The Bastard Sword in Elden Ring is another notable example of a fantasy bastard sword. Unlike other swords, this is a game sword, where the term “bastard” is used in an interesting way that has nothing to do with history.
The term here signifies something unique and attractive, setting the sword apart despite its overall design being similar to historical hand-and-a-half swords.
Sword Atlantean of Conan The Barbarian
The Atlantean Sword, wielded by Conan the Barbarian, is a unique example of a bastard sword due to its hybrid design. Although it is not a typical bastard sword, its blend of characteristics from different sword types makes it stand out in the world of fantasy weapons.
Modern usage
In the modern era, the bastard sword continues to hold a significant place in various fields. We will find popularity in historical reenactments, stage combat, and as collectible items.
HEMA (historical European martial arts) – Historical reenactors and martial artists often seek out authentic, battle-ready swords for their activities.
These weapons are crafted to withstand rigorous use, allowing practitioners to experience the weight, balance, and handling characteristics of medieval weaponry.
Modern Reenactments – In modern reenactments, people demonstrate the fighting techniques and daily lives of medieval knights. Participants dress in historical costumes and use period-accurate weapons to recreate battles and scenes from history. These events provide a vivid and engaging way for audiences to experience and learn about the past, making history come alive through realistic displays and performances.
Home Decorations – Many people enjoy using historical pieces, such as medieval swords, as unique home decorations. These items fill empty spaces with a sense of history and character, adding a distinctive and meaningful touch to their living spaces. The presence of these artifacts can transform a room, making it feel more connected to the past while also serving as a conversation starter for guests
Last words
In today’s era of innovation and technological advancement, the hand-and-a-half sword stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of medieval weaponry. Collectors are drawn to this sword for its historical significance and craftsmanship. Owning one is like owning a piece of history, a tangible link to the past that reflects the skill and artistry of medieval swordsmiths. Whether displayed in a collection or wielded in combat simulations, this versatile sword continues to captivate and inspire, proving that some weapons truly are timeless.
FAQ
What is a bastard sword?
A bastard sword is the blend of a longsword and a one-handed sword.
How was this sword used in combat?
This versatile weapon was adept at both slashing and thrusting techniques.
What materials were used to make these swords?
High-carbon steel was commonly used for the blade for its durability and edge retention, while the hilt and pommel were typically crafted from wood, leather, or metal.
Are these swords still used today?
While no longer employed in battle, these swords are celebrated by historical enthusiasts, collectors, and participants in historical European martial arts (HEMA) for their distinct design and historical importance.
