Longsword vs Greatsword: Which Dominate?

Longsword vs greatsword, which is better? A simple question but not as simple when it comes to deciding. Longswords and greatswords are two iconic European weapons used in the field about 500 years ago. They both were highly effective when it comes to large-scale battles.

Soldiers would use them to deliver powerful strikes, cut and thrust, and techniques like half-swording. Even though they share some similar field applications, when it comes to design and appearance they also have some notable differences. In this post, we will share their similarities, differences, and in the end which wins in a 1v1.

Are Longswords and Greatswords the Same?

Are longswords and greatswords the same thing or not? Well, yes and no. Yes, because if you were to extend a longsword, it would become a greatsword. The two main reasons for this are that it would be too long and heavy for a longsword, and second, it would no longer be effective for longsword techniques. No, because what we refer to in modern times as greatswords are some specific types like the German Zweihänder or Iberian Montante. They are not just bigger and longer but also feature a slightly different appearance and are considered the true greatswords from history.

Historically, the terms lacked the clear, consistent distinction we apply to them today. Medieval sword terminology was often imprecise, differing based on geographical location and time period. While larger swords were sometimes called “great swords” (“grete swerdes” or “grant espées”) between the 13th and 15th centuries, these labels didn’t necessarily represent a separate, well-defined sword type distinct from what we consider now. Categories like “longsword” and “greatsword” are modern. They are used to classify swords by size and function.

Longsword Vs Greatsword Design

Longswords are characterized by a long blade and a hilt designed for two-handed use (often longer than a full two-handed grip). To execute most longsword techniques you will need both hands, however, in some cases, they can also be used with one hand (such as when extending the arm during a lunge).

Their weight and length are balanced in a way that makes them easy to maneuver, draw and carry at all times. In contrast, greatswords possess even longer blades and hilts. They were used only in specific battles, maybe planned, perhaps large ones, or in formations. They were likely used to intimidate opponents, maintain distance with specific movements, or disrupt enemy pike formations.

Similarities and Differences

As we mentioned in the beginning, both combat swords share some similarities, but also have notable differences—not just in design, but in purpose and use as well.

Blade

Both swords share a double edge blade, however greatswords feature a longer blade, more space for the ricasso(an unsharpened section of the blade near the hilt), and some of them included parrying hooks (Parierhaken) above the ricasso, which served as a secondary guard and could be used to catch or bind an opponent’s weapon.

Hilt

Both feature a crossguard, long handle, and pommel. However, the greatsword’s crossguard is larger and often more elaborate, sometimes including extra hand protection. Its handle is also much longer—sometimes nearly half the length of the blade. They share pretty much the same pommel. 

Advantages of the Longsword

The longsword’s popularity in combat stemmed from its significant advantages. Its versatility was paramount, allowing it to be wielded effectively in diverse scenarios, offering a compelling blend of agility, speed, and control, whether used with one hand or two. This adaptability extended to its armor-piercing capability; it was a formidable weapon against both heavily armored and lightly protected foes.

Despite its reach, the longsword remained easily portable and could be drawn quickly, making it a practical choice for personal defense or as a secondary weapon on the battlefield. Finally, its design facilitated close-quarters fighting and grappling, enabling a dynamic and adaptable combat style.

Advantages of the Greatsword

Seeing a very large sword on the battlefield looks intimidating, and this was an important aspect. However, this was not its primary role. Its primary role was to control space. This is exactly what this type of sword excelled at and the main advantage it offered on the battlefield.

Furthermore, the greatsword proved to be particularly effective against formations of polearms, as its long blade could be used to disrupt their ranks by striking and potentially breaking the shafts of pikes and other pole weapons.

Disadvantages 

Compared to greatswords, the only disadvantage longswords have is reach. However, this can be turned into a downside in confined spaces even though they both lack that. When it comes to greatswords, their size brings more drawbacks. Their weight made them slower, taking longer to recover after strikes.

Furthermore, mastering the greatsword required substantial physical strength and limited techniques. Lastly, they were just too big to carry around every day or use to protect yourself in normal situations.

Longswords are faster and easier to use and maneuver while still offering a good reach, while greatswords offer even more reach, but they are slower, heavier and more difficult to use.

Which Triumphs

When it comes to a 1v1 duel, the wielder’s experience is the most important factor. However, assuming both fighters are equally skilled, the longsworder would likely have more advantages to win—being faster, more agile, and more likely to land precise strikes, while also having the flexibility to switch between one- or two-handed use, or even incorporate a shield when needed.

Last Words

Even though greatswords are some of the most impressive swords, the truth is that many of them are difficult to use. If you practice the techniques, you’ll likely face challenges and tire quickly. Mistakes take longer to recover from, which can be crucial in battle.

On the other hand, longswords are almost perfect. They offer more speed, easier handling, and greater versatility compared to greatblades. But if you’re curious about the next sword that’s even more balanced—and can stand a chance against longswords—check out our article here.

Read next: Bastard Sword vs Great Sword